SGH helped evaluate the following:

• Issues with tremie placement for an underwater cofferdam seal that compromised concrete quality

• Contractor concerns about a concrete mix for approach span pier pile caps and bascule span fender beams

• Plugged concrete pumplines during placement of the east bascule pier pile cap in cold weather

• Mass concrete placements

Over the course of these projects, SGH completed the following:

• Investigated tremie failure and blocked pumplines

• Determined the cause of the failed mass concrete placement in the cofferdam seal

• Performed petrographic analysis, adiabatic heat signature testing, and thermal simulations at varying placement temperatures, weather conditions, and curing periods

• Modeled heat generation during curing

• Retrieved and tested concrete core samples

• Designed and tested physical properties of a replacement tremie concrete mix and monitored a trial placement

• Proposed concrete aggregate and mixes to suit each project

• Specified tremie and mass concrete sequencing and placement methodology

• Recommended ways to avoid freezing pumplines, including increasing the concrete temperature, insulating pumplines, and filling the pumplines with hot water prior to pumping the concrete

• Monitored concrete placements for the 2002 and 2004 projects